Metalworking

FAQ

What are the basics of metalworking?

In metalworking, various fundamental skills are essential. These include turning ‒ a machining process in which the workpiece rotates and performs the primary cutting motion. The chip is removed by a feed using a firmly clamped tool.

Another key process is milling. This is also a machining process used to produce flat surfaces and complex contours. A characteristic feature of milling is the interrupted cut made by the rotating, multi-edged tool.

Drilling metal is also one of the fundamentals. In this process, round holes are created through a combined rotational and feed movement of the tool.

In addition, materials science plays an important role. Knowledge of materials such as steel, stainless steel, or non-ferrous metals, as well as their properties, is essential for precise and efficient machining.

What should be considered in metalworking?

Metals such as aluminum, steel, or stainless steel are more challenging to machine than wood due to their strength. Therefore, special caution is required during all work steps ‒ such as drilling, sawing, cutting, or grinding metal.

Important points:

• Always wear appropriate protective clothing (e.g., safety goggles, gloves)

• Securely clamp and fix workpieces

• Be mindful of heat generation, e.g., when cutting or soldering

• Use coolants if necessary

What tools are needed?

Depending on the application, different tools are used for metalworking. Typical examples include:

• Angle grinders

• Belt sanders

• Drills (cordless or corded)

• Saws and cutting tools

Drilling and screwing metal

When drilling and screwing metal ‒ whether in steel, stainless steel, or non-ferrous metals ‒ the right combination of tool, speed, and power transmission is crucial. Twist drills, which are specifically designed for metalworking and enable precise drilling, are generally used for drilling. When screwing in afterward, it is important to ensure the correct torque to prevent over-tightening or damaging the material. High-performance drills or cordless drill drivers with adjustable speed and torque are the right choice here. In addition, the use of cooling lubricants during drilling can be beneficial to reduce heat build-up and extend tool life. This allows drilling and screwdriving tasks to be performed efficiently and cleanly, even in challenging materials.

Sawing metal

Sawing metal requires specially adapted tools, as metals differ significantly from wood. Metal saws feature a special tooth geometry and higher tooth density, enabling a clean and controlled cut. Depending on the application, jigsaws, reciprocating saws, band saws, or even special handheld circular saws for metal are used. The key to a good result is the correct cutting speed and steady guidance of the machine. For harder materials such as steel or stainless steel, cooling the cutting area may also be necessary to prevent overheating and increased wear.

Cutting metal

When cutting metal, the focus is on the fast and precise separation of materials. An angle grinder with a cutting disc is often used for this purpose, as it is particularly suitable for flexible and mobile applications. However, metal circular saws or professional methods such as plasma cutting are also used depending on the requirements. For a clean cut, it is important to select the appropriate cutting disc for the material in question and to work with a steady feed rate. At the same time, care should be taken to keep heat generation to a minimum to prevent material warping or damage.

Grinding metal

Grinding metal is a key step when it comes to material removal, smoothing, or surface preparation. For smaller applications, sandpaper or sanding sponges can be used, while for larger areas or faster progress, machines such as angle grinders, random-orbit sanders, or straight grinders are employed. By selecting the correct grit size and the appropriate tool, the desired result can be achieved precisely, whether it is rough machining or a fine finish. A uniform surface is particularly crucial when further processing or coating metal.

Metal finishing

Metal finishing is the final step in metalworking and has a major impact on the appearance and quality of the surface. The goal is to create a uniform and high-quality appearance, which can range from matte to high-gloss depending on the application. Typical processes include polishing, fine grinding, brushing, or satin finishing, which are used depending on the material and the desired result. A clean finish is particularly important for stainless steel, as surfaces often remain visible and must meet the highest standards. With the right tools and techniques, durable and visually appealing results can be achieved.